Transformational Leadership According to Bennis and Nanus Research Paper

Transformational Leadership According to Bennis and midget - Research Paper ExampleIn 1985, Bennis and Nanus conducted a enquiry on transformational leadership. Their research resulted in fresh and significant findings on what transformational leadership is (McKee, Driscoll, Kelloway, & Kelley, 2011). This research paper gives a critical analysis and research-based discussion on what transformational leadership is in accordance to the postulates of the analyse by Bennis and Nanus. The paper pass on specifically focus on transformational leadership in spite of appearance health conduct systems and the management of health care professionals. Bennis and Nanus Research on Transformational Leadership Bennis and Nanus noticed that corporations utilise quantifiable criteria to judge and evaluate their leaders and executives. These criteria included the technical competence of an executive, conceptual skills, people skills, itinerary record, character, judgment and taste. In accorda nce to Bennis and Nanus, leadership competencies cannot be quantified (Trofino, 2008). In this regard, they conducted a research in full-grown corporations and organizations that were undergoing significant transformation. This is due to the fact that positive transformation is equated to good leadership (Simola, Barling, & Turner, 2012). Through their research, Bennis and Nanus revealed that in addition to the aforementioned criteria of judging effectiveness in a leader, there were additional attributes among transformational leaders. These characteristics contributed to the effectiveness of transformational leaders in motivating change within the organizations which they led (Salter, Green, Duncan, Berre, & Torti, 2010). Four main leadership attributes were identified among leaders in transforming organizations as described below. According to the investigation of Bennis and Nanus, the first and major attribute of leaders within transforming organizations is vision (McKee, Drisco ll, Kelloway, & Kelley, 2011). Transformational leaders are visionaries. This means that they have a clear and specific vision. These leaders, therefore, had a conniption of the state of their organization at a specified future date. In this regard, transformational leaders are prompt by the need to drive the organization to the envisioned state (Nazari & Emami, 2012). These leaders realize that it is through their employees or followers that the vision can be achieved and, as a result, they communicate clearly what goals they must massage to achieve (Thompson, 2012). In health care delivery systems, transformational leadership is, therefore, an approach or style to leadership which motivates healthcare professionals towards achievement of a specified vision. For example, transformational leaders within health care organizations would envision the exploitation of the health system that will entail the application of modern technologies in care. In this regard, the transformation al leaders will ensure that the culture of care providers is changed so that they will accept the implemented technologies. This includes their willingness to attend training programs that will equip them with skills and knowledge of applying technology in care. More specifically,

The relationship between Benedick and Beatrice in the Play and the Essay

The relationship between Benedick and Beatrice in the Play and the Film of Much flurry About Nothing - Essay ExampleTwo other characters behave out as all-important(prenominal) elements in the dramatic development of the play. Beatrice is a fiery, outspoken cousin of Hero, who is intended no doubt to hand over a contrast to Heros gentle and quiet character. Benedick is a witty and derisive courtier who so far has not consented to be romantically tied to any woman. Claudio and Hero are the illiterate victims of deception, showing one potential reaction to this turn of fate, while Benedick and Beatrice are examples of an entirely different, and more feisty response. As the title of the play suggests, it all comes right in the end, but the main accuse of the play is to explore the different paths that can be followed in leading two individuals to the traditional contented ending scenario of the Elizabethan comedy genre. Love wins out in the end, despite the posturing of the hum an characters in the play, and this is the main message that both film and play project. Benedick and Beatrice are like male and womanly versions of the same character type. They predictably get into arguments with from each one other, partly to amuse their friends, but partly withal because they have so much in common with each other, and make such equal and socialize sparring partners. While Hero and Claudio play the role of the star crossed dealrs, whose path to true love is interrupted by villainous subterfuge, Benedick and Beatrice represent a lively contrast, as two archway enemies who are brought together by the same villainous plotting. This criss-crossing plot device is an example of Shakespeares convoluted commentary on the shifting roles of the sexes in Elizabethan England. One of the features of Branaghs film that has attracted much precise attention is the fact that there is a mixture of British and American actors in the film, with a serial erratic mix of accen ts. This was no doubt a consequence of UK/US collaboration on the take side, but also a reflection of marketing aspirations which were truly global. The kind of Shakespeare being produced here is intentionally international, with an ironic kind of inter-textuality that appeals to a post- innovational audience. The casting of comic superstar Denzel Washington as Don Pedro, for example, adds modern layers of connotation to the original meanings intended by Shakespeare himself. Seen in this light, the relationship between Benedick (Kenneth Branagh) and Beatrice (Emma Thompson) appears as a commentary on relationship issues faced by modern globetrotting professionals. Certainly Emma Thompsons Beatrice is reminiscent of the articulate, at times even stridently feminist, modern woman who will not succumb to traditional notions of female subordination in marriage. Don Pedros comment to Beatrice In faith, lady, you have a merry smell (Act 2, Scene 1, line 293) underlines the potential t hat she has to lighten every scene and distract attention from her inner bareness to her outer display of wit. There is more to Beatrice than meets the eye, and only in the presence of Benedick does she truly shine. This alchemy between the two characters is brought out to perfection in Branaghs film, as the two often stand back to back, facing away from each other and firing off remarks into the surrounding crowd of onlookers. They studiously avoid intimate contact at first, but everyone knows that they are a fine match for each other, romantically as well as intellectually. The underlying tension between the two sets up a slow burning suspense that carries on throughout the play and film until it reaches its fulfilment in the shut scene. The

Regression Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Regression Analysis - Essay ExampleLastly, throwback digest testament be performed on statistically crucial pairs of variables and regression line comparability(s) of best fit will be written.Using Excels Data Analysis-Sampling, random chip for data for country was generated (Figure 1) and be records were taken from population. Table 1 in appendix shows the sample for correlation and regression analysis.Figure 3 shows the scatterplot of the GNP per item and the physique of commercial vehicles. The relationship between the GNP per head and the number of commercial vehicles appears to be moderate (correlation, r = 0.556).Table 2 shows the correlation matrix for variables GNP per head, Cars per head and number of Commercial vehicles. The correlation for the GNP per head and the cars per head and the GNP per head and the number of commercial vehicles is significant at level of significance, = .01.Since, the correlation for GNP per head with the cars per head and the number of c ommercial vehicles is significant thitherfore, there is strong possibility that GNP per head can be used to predict the cars per head and the number of commercial vehicles in any country.Table 3 shows the regression analysis output for the GNP per head and the cars per head using Excel. The higher value of F statistic suggests that regression is significant. GNP per head explains about 80% of variation in the cars per head.GNP per head (US $) significantly predict the cars per head, = 0.00005,t(28) = 10.54,pThe slope of the regression equation suggest that each US $ increase in GNP per head adds an average of 0.00005 cars per head. The intercept is not meaningful as zero GNP per head implies negative value for the cars per head that is not possible. The regression equation can be used for predicting the cars per head of any developing

Russian Art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Russian Art - Research Paper ExampleThis Byzantine nice practice of depiction saints and biblical scenes was largely dictated and influenced by church canons. The late 19th century saw the pouch to Russias version of the Arts and Crafts movement that mostly relied on traditional Russian applied arts. It was during this geological while that Style Moderne or Art Nouveau was predominantly embraced by Russian artists like Mikhail Vrubel (Charlton 23).The early twentieth century Russia was a time of political upheaval which consequently fueled Russias artistic growth. It was during this era that Russian Avante-Garde movement flourished. It is characterized by angular shapes, vibrant colors, and representative of the urban landscape and lifestyle that efficaciously replaced the rural scenes that were the major subjects of the previous era. Abstract art were represented through genres of Futurism, Rayonism, and Suprematism. Belarusian Marc Chagall, Kasimir Malevich, and Mikhail Lario nov were some of the artists that delineate this movement. Political upheavals that characterized most of the 1920s up to the 1930s played a role in harnessing the creativeness of free-thinking artists as their works were used for propaganda materials, posters, sculptures, and public spaces. It was the propaganda poster movement wherein artistic expressions where predominantly align with political ideologies. By the late 20th century, when freedom is achieved and a new millennium is dawning, artistic constrictions pave the way for bold, experimental artistic expression (Charlton 23-24).Highlighting Byzantine Art movement of Russia is an interesting return because it was in this country that this artistic movement is most enduring. Unlike other European countries, Russias artistic movement did not undergo a Romanesque or a Gothic phase. It did not even subsist any comprehensive renaissance. Byzantine art endured and virtually remained unchanged despite the wars,

Biotic Components Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biotic Components - Essay ExampleThe beginner of the pocket billiards ecosystem is sun. Producers use sunlight and convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds and oxygen through a service called photosynthesis. Other most important nutrition for sows is nitrogen and phosphorus. Wandering plants or the phytoplankton (Volvox, Oscillatoria, Diatoms, Spirogyra, Zygnema, Hydrodictyon, Desmids, etc) go through the passage of photosynthesis and release oxygen in the water which squeeze out be used by bacteria and animals in the puddle. Likewise, the Periphytic algae (attached to the rocks and other substances) carry out photosynthesis and provide oxygen in the bottom of the pond so the decomposers tin use it. The submerged plants and the Floating plants (Nelumbium, Nymphea, Blixa, Eicchornia, Pistia etc) provide oxygen to the pond and the emergent plants, to the purlieu outside the pond. This is the first level. Herbivores and carnivorous belong to the second level and atomic number 18 called consumers. Herbivores feed on plants and lease energy whereas the carnivores feed on herbivorous and get energy. But whenever an animal or a plant is not consumed by any other animal, that matter is decomposed by decomposers, which argon on the 3rd level. The tissues are broken down into much simpler compounds which are again used by the plants for nutrients. As energy is converter, any(prenominal) of it is released in the form of hop up in the water to maintain the inner functions of the cells in every organism. nutrient cycle Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are really important for a cell. The process through which these substances pass from on organism to another or from on cell to the other is called nutrient cycle. Change over clip The health of an ecosystem can be endangered by several changes over time. If specie is killed in the pond, it can be highly dangerous for other living in the pond as many animals susceptibility feed on that specie for nutr ients and the whole system capacity crash. Due to the climate change, excessive heat in the environment, drought can appear killing all the species living there. The growth of thick trees near the pond can block the passage of sunlight to the pond, resulting in death of plants and thus the animals. Besides this, inbred succession can occur which can totally change the biotic community. It actually occurs due to the changes in the plants, animals or other a-biotic factors, and so a new eco cycle can begin How humans may have affected biogeochemical cycles in that ecosystem. There are many ways a human might affect the pond ecosystem. Nitrogen cycle affected During transportation, ammonia is released in the atmosphere, which is absorbed in the pond. Fertilizers are highly harmful for the fishes as it contains nitrites and nitrates and thus can affect the nitrogen cycle. Ammonia is extremely cyanogenetic to fish and should be removed or converted into harmless matter. If the level of ammonia increases in the pond, fishes can die. New agricultural practices have highly disturbed the nitrogen cycle of the pond. In order to converge the agricultural demands for food, there is an extensive usage of nitrogen gas in the green house which enters the pond through different means. Carbon cycle affected Accumulation of Carbon dioxide in the pond is highly dangerous for the fish species living in it. If the carbon dioxide amount is high in the pond, it would be hard-fought for the fishes to remove their internal carbon dioxide in the water, resulting in accumulation in fish blood. This inhibits and endangers the ability of hemoglobin in the fish blood, and thus causes suffocation for fishes.

Mitosis and Meiosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mitosis and Meiosis - Assignment ExampleThere ar 3 aspects that are critical for the excerption of all beingnesss and they are growth, repair and reproduction. Division of cells is very important for these events. Division of cells happens through 2 divergent fictitious characters of processes, the mitosis and myosis which constitute different phases of cell cycle (Sadava, 2013). As and when needed, different horm wholenesss in the body of the organism send signals to the cells for preparation for division. There are mainly 2 parts in the process of division. The send-off phase is the interphase during which there is growth and preparation. This is followed by cell division which includes cytokinesis and mitosis. Interphase constitutes 90 percent of the cell cycle. During mitosis, the marrow of the cell is replicated and divided into 2 nuclei that are similar and have identical genetic material. This type of cell division is mainly for growth of cells, repair and asexual rep roduction. The end result of mitosis is somatic cells, severally of which pass on have diploid number of chromosomes (Sadava, 2013). There are basically tetrad full stops in mitosis. The first stage is known as prophase. Sister chromatids in the cell condense and become visible. The envelope of the nucleus breaks to chance on the chromosomes. Formation of spindle fibers begins extending from the centrioles. The spindle fibers are made up of microtubules and they are attached to the centromere of sis chromatids. The centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cells slowly. The next phase is the metaphase. There chromosomes form a line along the equatorial plate which is in the center of the cell. From here, the chromosomes are moved with the help of centrioles and spindle fibers. The third phase is the anaphase. The centromeres are pulled apart and the sister chromatids separate. This is done by spindle fibers. The daughter chromosomes are as well as pulled to opposite pole s. hence each daughter cell will have identical set of chromosomes similar to the parent cell. In the telophase, new nuclei begin to form in each cell around chromosomes. The chromosomes also unravel into their tease form and spindle fibers disassemble. Cytokinesis starts and new cells are towed (Sadava, 2013). In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell divides into two parts, each one having a new nucleus. Thus, the daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis is another type of cell division which occurs in reproductive cells or germ cells only. It involves two fissions of the nucleus and gives rise to four sex cells or gametes (Sadava, 2013). Each of the cells has half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. Meiosis occurs in 2 stages, meiosis -1 and meiosis-2. In meiosis-1, the pairs separate and in meiosis-2 sister chromatids separate as in mitosis. There are four steps in meiosis-1. The interphase is similar to mitosis during which the DNA replic ates and forms sister chromatids connected at the centromere. However, homologous pairs of chromosomes pair up. In prophase-1, the chromosomes thicken and the homologous pairs of chromosomes tangle together and move towards the equatorial plate. Thus, 4 sister chromatids move together and this is known as tetrad. Nuclear envelop disappears and spinal fibers start forming. Crossing-over also occurs in this phase. Swapping of parts of chromosomes also occurs due to tangling. This leads to genetic variation between individuals. In metaphase-1, homologous pair line up along the equatorial plate. In anaphase-1, separation of homologous pairs occurs due to pulling of spindle fibers from the centromere. Now, each chromosome has 2 sister chromatids. In telophase-1, cytokinesis occurs with or without formation of nuclear membrane and this leads to new cells with haploid set of chromosomes in each and resembles sister chromatids (Sadava, 2013). In meiosis-2 that occurs after cytokinesis and telophase-1, division of cells occurs, but

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Art - Essay ExampleNo interrogative I gift always been influenced with magazine cover photos such as the one below. I have always thought that an ideal female should olfactory modality just like what the cover photos and advert go throughs vaticinate to us, and nonhing less. Moreover, these cover photos are always of celebrities and models, and as such, my perception has always been shaped to believe that each other female need to match the celebrity standards. This picture show not only influences the belief and deportment of individuals, but also defines the culture of todays society, whereby an ideal human to be acceptable is given standards that must be achieved.The artist statement accompanying this photography is, Great American Women. This explicitly reveals how the topical culture defines greatness of female women. For example, they have to be fashion superstar, modern women, and all these come with super-slim bodies. This image is very alluring and sends a message both to young girls and grown up women to strive to look like such celebs because those are the culturally acceptable standards in todays society. In turn, population also choose to view these photographs in one perspective, that is, the influence on body standards such as extremely tiny waist and generally slim bodies. However, there are several negative impacts that the to a higher place image inflicts in the society, especially among the female population. For example, young girls grow up to believe that if they do not attain such body sizes than they are not worthy. Therefore, I am going to critique this image in terms of the negative effects that it generates in the society such as preference for decorative surgery, objectification of women bodies with reference to sex sells and media exaggeration of celeb glamour and glitz.The image links womens beauty to the cult of scantiness whereby the current society emphasizes, not on the substance, but on the surface of human being, and thus social and economic

Collective memory and Public Discourse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Collective memory and Public Discourse - rise ExampleThe foundation of Christian faith is based on the existence of deliverer Christ, the Son of immortal who was sent to save the world from sin by dying on the cross and rising from the baseless after three days. Christs resurrection gives assurance of a life after death and through faith with messiah salvation is assured among his faithful followers. These conceits are supported by a known document called Scriptures, obtained from archaeological explorations and other preserved documents, and other non-written accounts they refer to as traditions. Much of the information concerning Jesus, however, can be obtained from the bleak Testament, which is the second part of the Bible and covers the times after the death and believed resurrection of Jesus Christ. But varying interpretations of these make-up and traditions led to new ideas and concepts as society evolved and created variations in the Christian faith the leads to creati on of several branches.Today, the Christian faith has several subdivisions each one having created within an understanding and ideals based from Scriptures, from tradition, or both. In world(a) the foundation of every group of Christians are based on strong faith which emanated from a concept or inspiration developed by a charismatic leadership and then later evolved into an organize society congregated by those who accepted the ideals presented. Christian organizations presently recorded include The Amish, Baptist churches, Church of England, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Church of Scotland, Eastern Orthodox Church, Jehovahs Witnesses, Methodist Church, Pentecostalism, Roman Catholic Church, and Seventh-day Adventists among others. Within these study denominations are a lot of variations that existed and spread throughout the world.The Roman CatholicsThe largest among the subdivisions of Christianity is the Roman Catholicism (BBC) who claimed to be the freshman o f the Christian religions and from which other groups sprung off. Its history can be traced back to as far as 2000 years back. The church was based in Rome headed by the Pope who was claimed to be the successor of Peter who in turn was the first head of the Christian Church instituted by Jesus Christ himself. The doctrines of the Catholics are unequaled in the sense that it considers both the scriptures and the church own traditions. Issues of ProtestantismBelief in traditions, among others such as the ascendance of the Pope over the church, the increased devotion to Mary, Christmas, Easter, the Rosary, the Idols, and others are common point of divergence of other Christian denominations that believed the scriptures alone as the solution of inspirations, guidelines, and rules in following God. Among these groups who questioned traditions are the contemporary evangelical churches that emerged in the proto(prenominal) 17th century and onwards. Today, a public discourse is raging over the use of corruptible corporal memory-based traditions as against a written document alone as the basis of faith and social practices in Christian organizations. Critics to the Catholic practice argued that traditions are not reliable social guidelines to followers of Christ for they do not qualify to be divinely inspired. They pushed the idea of Sola Scriptura or the scripture alone as the source of divine revelation.

Professionalism project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professionalism project - Essay ExampleSheng reckons that individuals, transmission linees, non-profit- make organizations, and government can use managerial score to prise their fear performance. More so, Sheng notes that managerial accounting follows no accounting standards or general principles and so companies can choose specific tools and techniques for managing their businesses (Caplan 1). Sheng observed that business could implement managerial accounting by themselves or hire professional accountants with knowledge on charge accounting to carry out this role. In Shengs case, her relative uses certain managerial accounting techniques to evaluate the business performance of the food store.Most importantly, Sheng says that various management accounting techniques help their family in making important management decisions. She named the techniques he relative uses that included budgets, variance analysis, target costing, activity based costing, honourable in - time system, and break-even analysis. Sheng states that budgets are important in the food store as they create a financial road map for the management to follow while planning on how to spend business capital in the future. Sheng notes that the process of making the food stores budget involves the analysis of noncurrent production figures, labor cost, and raw material costs used to do specific things in the business. She hence says that they use another technique called variance analysis to ensure that the management follows the budget and provides information on how to handle potential variances. Sheng states that variance analysis involves the calculation of variances on the assumed labor costs, and level of gross revenue in the food store. As such, variance analysis helps the management of the food store to choose which subdivision in the food store needs changes. On the other hand, Sheng state that her relative uses Just-in-time systems to ensure that return of products to the food store takes

Job saisfaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Job saisfaction - Essay ExampleThis leads them to be tired and stressed out. Over a period of time, they whitethorn do the job just for the sake of doing it and not because they love to perform their diddle. 2. vainglorious bosses If the immediate superior does not give the employee enough space to perform his or her job and so it may lead to dissatisfaction in performing a job. In most cases, employees may not be given the freedom of empowerment which may affect their job satisfaction adversely. (prweb.com, 2011). 3. Reward Most organizations die out to recognize the potential of an employee and do not equally reward them thereby leading to dissatisfaction in job. Organizations mustiness learn to reward performance of employees. A mere pat on the back or a word of praise may help an employee to remain loyal to his work. Also the human resource group must ensure that the employees are duly appraised for their work. This lead lead them to job satisfaction which in hand will affect their performance take positively. 4. Providing opportunities to grow Dissatisfaction to perform a particular job may result from the fact that there are no opportunities for the employee to grow in a current organization. An employee ineluctably to be promoted as per his or her skills and talents so that he or she can perform better. 5. Type of work mosttimes the type of job may also be responsible for propelling dissatisfaction in job. ... Some employees may try to improve conditions by remaining in the organizations, some may protest, some may neglect the job and in extreme cases people may quit the job. (Zhou & George, 2001). A mortal who is disgruntled with his job may resort to absenteeism. This is one of the most common signs which is displayed when one is not satisfied with the job. mess may also show a careless attitude wherein the person does not both to issue responsibility for his or her actions while performing a job. There is lack of dedication and skill in the job performed. In more severe cases, a person may cut himself or herself get rid of from friends and colleagues and stay in alienation in the work environment. The Peter Principle is one which maintains that often persons who fill been recognised and have got frequently promoted may be dissatisfied after attaining a certain level in their job. In this case, the person does not perform with the same aggressiveness and skill as he performed previously. This is due to dissatisfaction in job. (Potter, 2005). Potential interventions There are many techniques by which job satisfaction may be restored. First of all, the human resource must see to it that the employee is given respect and rewarded for the kind of performance. This will lead him to take interest in his work. Secondly, the bosses must treat the subordinates with respect and they must use the tactical manoeuvre of participatory leadership. If employees are involved in the decision making process it makes them feel im portant and the person may be more interested in performing his or her job better. Third, the employees must be given proper compensation and benefits for the work performed. They must not be made to work for

What the role of organizational culture in organizational change Essay

What the role of organizational farming in organizational change - Essay ExampleThis look for will begin with the statement that organizational mien in an organization develops over the years of the foundation of the organization and is closely linked to its organizational nuance. Every organization has a unique organizational culture that differentiates it from others. Organizational culture manifests the values and basic assumptions sh ared out among organizational members and as such these values go to persist over time and are more resistant to change. While organizational culture plays salwaysal key roles in an organization the two most dominant roles are adaptations to the organizations external environment and coordination of internal systems and processes. Coordinating the internal systems and processes will facilitate the formation of a communal mission and this, in turn, will result in specific goals. Similarly, the reward systems for good performance as tumefy as sanctions on poor performance are defined by the organizational culture. On the other hand, organizational change is usually manifested through the organizations values, basic assumptions, and artifacts of which the most macroscopical component is artifacts. Culture in organizations give the sack be defined as a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to impertinently members as the correct way you perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. (Schein 1997). The behavior within the organization is a part of its culture also. Organizational behavior can be defined as the study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface in the midst of human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself (Shajahan, 2004, p. 3). As such, it can be seen that the organizational culture and b ehavior are extremely diverse between the two companies. Organizational culture plays a pivotal role in shaping the organizational goals and vision. In times of organizational change it is significant that mangers take effective go to channelize employee behavior in tune with organizational culture and vision. Managing organizational behavior is a comparatively complex process in normal situations, especially if a major change occurs like mergers and acquisitions or other important structural or managerial changes within an organization. This organizational change is quite a great deal stressful to everyone concerned. There may be fears of loss of jobs, changes in duties and responsibilities, fears (or hopes) of change in the compensation structure, and the ever present attitude of resistance to change. Organizational change is inevitable under todays agonistical environment and wherefore companies should be ready with management of change for the purpose of staying competitive. As per Kurt Lewins leash step model any organization that has impending large scale changes with regard to organizational culture, structure, and behavior should follow a three step process for smooth transformation from old to new. The relatively unreserved concept (in principle) needs an unfreezing, moving or transition, and refreezing of attitudes as behaviors (Burke, Lake & Paine, 2008, p. 233). Employees are attuned to the working atmosphere of their former employers and hence need an unfreezing of attitudes so that they are receptive to change. The next step is to move or transform the employees to the new behavior and culture that is required in the present situation. Once this is achieved, the next logical step is to kibosh the newly learnt factors into their minds. The change in organization behavior hence will only be certain through a long term perspective and cannot be planned in minute detail. It has to be planned in such a way by observing where

See below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

See below - Essay interpreterLet us discuss those skills in some detail in value to get a better understanding of how to teach disable children.Teachers of deaf children must possess some special skills and abilities in order to become an effective teacher for the class consisting of deaf children. These skills and knowledge make the teachers of deaf children distinct to the teachers of normal children. Teachers must pick up the knowledge of deaf childrens emotions, perceptions, and behaviors in order to teach them in a proper way. They must know how deaf children think and perceive different things. Parents and siblings of the dead children find oneself a lot of stress due to the inability of their children to communicate effectively with them. The teachers teach the children how to communicate their feelings and emotions to their parents that results in reducing the parents stress.It is common fact that senses other than hearing sense go into overdrive for the deaf children in order to compensate them for their disability. Some of these senses include higher opthalmic sense and ability to read the expressions of faces much effectively as compared to normal people. Teachers can make use of these superior senses of deaf children in order to teach them in an appropriate manner and make them able to communicate with different people just about them. Teachers also penury to work on improving the behavior of deaf children and this is only possible when the teachers provide have complete understanding of the deaf childrens abilities to view and perceive different things.Teachers also need to be proficient in teaching the deaf children through educational technologies such as visual telephone relay services, computer-based teaching, video tapes, and television. These technologies work as the major sources of learning for the deaf children. Various researches have proved that visualizing ability of the

Employee relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employee relations - Essay ExampleAll these activities could be broadly pull into three major categories such as collective bargaining or negotiations mainly wage negotiations, industrial action and legal actions. Unions as representative of workers organizations bargain with employers or various such issues such as wages, allowances, bonus, hours of work, reinstatement etc. The unions yield secure bargaining power by statute and bargaining is done with the charge of the third party.Trade unions and its impact It has been quite a longtime the discussion is going on that deal unions affect productivity of workforce individually or collectively in positive or prejudicial way. Dipp, Lupton and Aslop (2000, 2002) indicate a fall in the extent, which employers regard unions as damaging to industrial relations. Impact of trade unions on productivity and the economic performance of organizations have long been debated. The UK firms are primarily using the a la mode(p) equipment, autom ation and technology, resulting in high labor productivity and the ability to produce quality products to meet the requirements of EU and US markets. Differences in technology, automation, age of equipment, levels of employment, all affect labor productivity. Most of the EU producers have increase their productivity in recent years by increased automation, improving technology, and downsizing, instigating cultural change programmes, and saving in productivity-linked incentive pay schemes. British political climate hostile to the trade unions has considerably bleached trade unionism. The received wisdom is that unionization rates have fallen rapidly as unions have failed to become recognized in newly setup work places (Machins, 2000). Throughout the 1980s a icon of anti union legislative measures were introduced by conservative govt. and the seemed to have a particularly adverse motion on recognition in establishments

Go Look Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Go Look - Essay ExampleThere are layers of interpretation that net be framed for the story that operates behind the love story of Kath and Danny that delights myriad of minds along with encapsulating volleys of social issues and messages underneath.The tend Go Look opens with a young couple Kath and Danny set out for a camping in a forest at night where they hear a sound of a beast and consider it to be a wild bear. They were camping late at night and Kath sends Danny, as he was the manly counterpart in the relationship, to find out the real source of the noise. After awhile, Danny comes back and Danny is found to be setting out some of his frustration towards Kath for s ending him alone. Danny yields his brassy comments in a humorous calibre and Kath quite smartly counters them. Until this point of time, the relationship among the couple seems to be quite conventional and their interpersonal chemistry is evident as that operates between any average young couples with unresolve d commonplace differences. But the ending of the play, set out in a different perspective, gives a jarring effect to the mind and intelligence of the readers. The young couples at conflict take decision to bring resolution to every conflict occurring between them and learn the reason of differences and their mutual likes and dislikes henceforth.This apparently hilarious love story has a strong sexuality discourse beneath. Playwright Christopher Graybill wants to project the irony present in the assumed gender roles in an frequent relationship. The male ego which comes at a logger head for following the instructions of a cleaning lady is displayed during the initial part of the play. The central idea or the core point of this play is far beyond the source of the noise. The aspirations for the deconstruction of the stereotype gender roles are evident in the play. Danny is a man and pass judgment with a strong image and so he is supposed to fight the beast. On the contrary,

Unit Assessment 3 professionalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit Assessment 3 professionalism - Essay ExampleThese interactions piss relationships. Each state in the US has its own laws concerning discrimination. For any company, it is important to maintain a body of work that is free from any type of discrimination.Workplace anguish and discrimination may reduce productivity and lowers the employees morale. It is, therefore, actually important for both man festerment and the staff to work together to reduce this vice. To reduce workplace discrimination and harassment in the workplace, employees can ask the management to put in a formal complaints work on just in flake there is not one. Employees should not let things go out of move over and should seek assistance from their supervisor or the human resource department if they witness a case of workplace discrimination or harassment. In addition, employees gets hired into an organization they should go through the policies laid nap so as not to participate in any acts that may seem li ke harassment or discrimination. Employees should always report any forms of harassment or discrimination through the proper take so that employers can deal with the cases and reduce cases of lawsuits and low productivity. According to DuPont (1998), everyone in an organization should always be professional.For the most, part we encounter different thing about people. According to Nelson (2004), one main aspect that we notice about others is their age. Some people may form prejudicial opinions based on this. Most employers argon prejudiced when it comes to the older generation. An employee may feel as though they are being discriminated against due to their age when a promotion that they feel they were meant to get is given to a younger employee who does not have the required skills to take up that position. The employee may have the necessary skills and more than enough work, experience and still be passed off during an offer for a

The Ukrainian Genocide Essay Example for Free

The Ukrainian genocide EssayHolodomor means fake famine or slow killing by starvation in Ukrainian. Joseph Stalin, the premier of the Soviet Union, created an artificial famine to destroy the will of the Ukrainian people that sought license from his rule. This famine lasted for three years killing an estimated s withal to ten million people. Ukraine was known as the corporation of Europe before this happened. This was champion of the bastinado cases of mass killing ever recorded. It also is one of the batter cases of regimen, or lack of it, being used as a weapon. Some people to this daylight skip the fact that this artificial famine even existed.Ukraine had been under the domi nation of the Imperial Czars of Russia for two hundred years. fin anyy freedom had arrived in March of 1917. Some optimistic Ukrainians declared Ukraine to be an independent nation and began to re-establish capital of the Ukraine, the nations capital. However, they did not stand free for long . Vladimir Lenin, the first leader of the Soviet Union, wanted to reclaim Ukraine. quad years of chaos and fighting followed. By the end of 1921 the Soviets were able to crush the Ukrainian people and make headway the war. Half of Ukraine was then divided up between Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia.The rest of Ukraine was unploughed by the Soviet Union. The Soviets began ecstasy grain out of Ukraine to satisfy hungry Russians. While the Soviets banqueted, Ukrainians suffered. Then a drought occurred resulting in far-flung hunger and popular resentment towards Vladimir Lenin and the Soviets. To lessen this animosity, Lenin lessened his grip on the Ukrainian people and even encouraged a free-market. People started to relax and renewed their interests in independence, folk art, music, and literature. The Soviets began slowly losing control of Ukraine because of this revival.However, when Lenin died Stalin, one of the most cold-blooded humans to ever hold this much power, took ov er. Stalin thought the gradual loss of Ukraine was tout ensemble unacceptable. To crush the free spirited revival he started using the same ruthless methods used on the Soviet Union. In the beginning of 1929 over five thousand Ukrainian scholars, scientists, cultural and religious leading were arrested with false accusations of planning an armed revolt against the Soviets. E very(prenominal)one that was arrested was either shot or deported to prison camps where they would be torture with out a trial.Stalin also disapproved of Ukraines system of land management. He began seizing all in camera owned farms in a country where eighty percent of its people are farmers. There was a class of farmers called kulaks by the communists. Kulaks were wealthy farmers who made a profit by themselves. Stalin believed that all farms should be bodied farms run by the government. Stalin started forcing people to join these embodied farms or else they would be classified as Kulaks and invest into j ails, which began appearing in most Ukrainian villages.By the summer of 1932 eighty percent of Ukraines tribe started working in collective farms. They were afraid of seeing their own children die of starvation so they gave in. He thought that any revolt in the future would be led by the Kulaks so he began destroying them as a class. Kulaks were declared enemies of the people and were left beaten in the streets with out any possessions of their own. The red-faced army stole all of the kulaks possessions. It was against the law to help Kulaks or their families in any way. Millions of people were trust onto railroad boxcars and were shipped to prison camps in the wilderness of Siberia.One-third of the people sent to these camps died because of the horrible conditions. Back in Ukraine things were getting worse and worse each day. Stalin sent out henchman Lazar Kaganovitch to destroy all Ukrainian resistance. He made quota shooting 10,000 innocent Ukrainians weekly. Eighty percent of all intellectuals were executed. Stalin began stealing nourishment that was made from the Ukrainians own hands. All farms were raided for any possible food, blankets, cattle, and fuel. The secret police looked for mystical grain under men and womens clothing. Even the smallest amounts of grain were confiscated.They blocked all railroads and streets so nix could get in or out of Ukraine. Ukrainians began to quickly die of starvation, cold, and sickness. During the winter of 1932-1933 the famine hit in force(p) force. Soon people were eating shoes, belts, tree bark, pets, and some even ate infant children and dead bodies to stay alive. Many begged neighbors for potato skins and other scraps, but they found their neighbors equally starved. There were unbelievably emaciated bodies in the street. I remember all this I was swollen from hunger my brother was even in the worst conditionHe was dying his swollen body was leaking fluid. I was sitting beside him, he was gritting his teeth and kept asking for a cucumber Then he died His dead body had been wrapped in a blanket, the color of this blanket is still in my memory. This is the testimony of Hanna Nelasa, born in Luhansk region. She was one of the few people brave enough to give her testimony approximately the famine. In Russia it has been made illegal to commemorate this event. To this day people do not know the exact amount of people that died during this tragic time. At the famines height 25,000 people were dying per day.They estimate the number of people that died to be around septenary to ten million. In the end the Soviet collective farms never succeeded. The livestock were poorly cared for on these farms and the conditions were very unhealthy. Inexperienced young communists ran all the farms. They became jokes throughout Ukraine about how uneducated they were on simple things like e terra firma and cleaning. An American Journalist wrote this horrifying description of what he saw About twenty miles sou th of Kiev (Kyiv), I came upon a village that was practically extinct by starvation.There had been fifteen houses in this village and a population of forty-odd persons. Every dog and cat had been eaten. The horses and oxen had all been appropriated by the Bolsheviks to stock the collective farms. In one hut they were cooking a mess that defied analysis. There were bones, pigweed, skin, and what looked like a billing top in this pot. The way the remaining half dozen inhabitants eagerly watched this slimy mess showed the state of their hunger. On a personal note, my grandfather lived through this time.He was once walking and thought he saw a log and went to go sit on it, but it was a frozen body. They were life at the edge of the woods so his father buried potatoes and grain two hundred feet belatedly in the back of the woods. The Secret Police came to their house and took bayonets poking them into the soil looking for any food they had. Adults and children constantly came begging to their house for scraps of food and they gave it to them. This is why I chose this as my topic because my grandparents told me hundreds of stories about growing up during these times.

Response to Intervention Essay Example for Free

Response to discourse EssayOf in all forms of mental activity, the just about difficult to induce even in the minds of the young, who may be presumed not to have lost their flexibility, is the fraud of handling the same bundle of entropy as before, but placing them in a new remains of relations with one another by giving them a different framework, all of which virtually pith putting on a different kind of thinking-cap for the moment.It is easy to teach anybody a new pointbut it expects light from heaven above to enable a teacher to break the ageing framework in which the student is accustomed to seeing. Arthur Koestler Twenty-first degree Celsius educational institutions atomic number 18 on a re wait journey exploring continued models, theories, plans, strategies and so much more to bring resolve to the problems facing our schools. galore(postnominal) schools are facing the ills of low performance and a decline in meeting Adequate one-year Progress. Plans and stu dies to improve schools academic performance are on the rise. cultivate leadership and districts continue to explore and search for the perfect research origind model that will pull them up and out of the pit of despondency to a maximum and victorful let outing community where students master schooling through engaged counsellingal practices. An alternative to classroom learning experiences evolving on the educational scene is Response to handling (RTI). Response to intervention refers to the many ways created to assist teachers in implementing instruction through new and improved activities that will send low performance to successful outcomes.This program was birthed years ago out the policies established from No churl Left Behind. Response to interposition (RTI) is a researched based model used by school systems all over the country to deter academic and behavioral failure in the educational system. Through the combat of scientifically based instructional practices, st udents embrace the enhanced intervention strategies that allow them to explore educational skills with a confidence that bring successful outcomes.Response to Intervention was created to intercept the seek performance of student at the risk of academic and/or behavioral failure. Through early detection of specific skills deficiencies, students are determine and immediate assessments are administered. Diagnosis of these deficient skills allows teachers to structure instruction to meet the specific needs of students. strategic plans are developed to target skills deficiency and an alternative instructional plan is created.The purpose of Response to Intervention is early detection and identification of learning concerns of students and the development of an individualized plan that addresses the appropriate prescription for closure the students academic or behavioral issue. In our twenty-first century learning communities, students are required to accede and are engaged in educatio nal activities that may challenge their ability to grasp the concept in manners conducive to their learning styles. Schools are challenged to examine their methods of instruction to meet the needs of all children reservation them successful in all areas of academic content.A quality school is a place where students learn to think and apply knowledge to new situations, where students are involved in and excited about their learning, where students engender individual gains in cover and knowledge, where adults know they care about individual students, where students develop I whoremonger attitudes and efficacy about learning, and where the type of learning that occurs prepares students for success after school (Gentry, 2006) In our twenty-first century learning communities, administrative leadership promotes the success of its students by implementing research that is current and best practices.Interstate School Leaders Lic find out Consortium Standard Two which states A school ad ministrator is an educational leader who promotes the success of all students by advocating, nurturing, and sustaining a school culture and instructional program conducive to student learning and staff professional growth. (ISLLC 2008 2). The application of RTI, promotes an intervention plan focused accusatives that are measureable and growth results that are sight through weekly overture monitoring.The RTI model is a valuable asset to the educational community ascribable to the programs not specifically a special education eligibility tool, rather it is a data-based decision-making system that digest be used for all students within the school. (Wedl, 2005) The application of the various methods of scientific discoveries that support solutions to many of the educational concerns experienced by our students is imperative to their success and confidence. The following is a plan of action based on the Response to Intervention Model that will promote academic success for students leave outing proficiency in their educational experiences.Students will be engaged in daily and weekly activities that will enhance their distinguish instruction. This plan is based on the specific features of the Response to Intervention Model that are crucial to the process of instruction. Tier Model 1, Problem Solving during the application of this portion of the Response to Intervention Model, all students are engaged in instruction. Many of the academic needs of the students are met in this level. Approximately one second and xxx minutes of direct core instruction is use.Teachers are engaged in developing base line data from students response to instruction. The data from student responses should indicate which students are responding down the stairs expected levels of proficiency and those students needing enrichment. Tier Model 2, Problem Solving during the application of this portion of the Response to Intervention Model, every student may need the interventions of this Tier. Again, one hour and thirty minutes of direct instruction from the core curriculum instruction.An additional twenty to thirty minutes of intense instruction for targeted skills in a small group within the classroom setting. Daily and weekly progress monitoring is necessary to ensure mastery. Tier Model 3, Problem Solving during the application of this portion of the Response to Intervention Model, students that show lack of understanding of implemented instruction and are below the level of proficiency at the Tier 2 instructional interventions level, must continue prescribed interventions.At this level of intervention, again one hour and thirty minutes of direct core instruction, and possibly an additional fifty minutes of intense instruction on targeted skills. Homogenous grouping of students in small unit is desirable. Progress monitoring is required and all the while the teacher is data bank to determine continued instruction, needs assessments, updating base-line d ata, student mastery, and other critical factors. After implementing each Tier 1 three weeks of intense interventions should follow.A new Tier is implemented after completing monitoring activities and evaluating the compiled data. Key to the success of the Response to Intervention Model is the consistent progress monitoring of the students responses to the various daily interventions. Also, due to the constant monitoring, early interception of redirecting the students lack of understanding, promotes the regular classroom interventions and deters the need for special education.In many cases, statistics reveal that students experience success and mastery of skills through the varied move of RTI. According to Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium Standard Two, administrative leaders are trustworthy for establishing an atmosphere and organizational culture conducive for successful academic experiences for every child. The educational performances of our students are founded on the instructional effectiveness of a curriculum structured to strategically provide mastery through systematic, rigorous, and objective teaching.Tracking student progress through informed data is imperative to a teachers next step in the model. Throughout the intervention students are provided high quality instruction. Response to Intervention provides a prescriptive plan of success through intense engaged learning. The problem solving techniques and data driven instructional strategies, will provide opportunities of success. With targeted small group skills instruction as necessary for the struggling child, the experience of maximum achievement is inevitable.

Assessment Writing Essay Example for Free

Assessment Writing EssayMy pr maskical work in January 2005 was for option 1. It was a go of devised drama work and was based on the theme of sistership. Our play was nearly a group of four, seven year old children coming in concert to help their friend Rachael who is ill. The children act unitedly for Rachael and turn to witchcraft to make her healthier but it fails and at the end of the play Rachael dies. in that location were 5 people in my drama group which admitd Rachael, Yasmine, Emily, Rosie and myself. The main theme of our play was sisterhood also the friends acting together to try to make Rachel better this was how sisterhood was used.My contribution to the performance was as a performer. I had to play the role of one of Rachaels friends who took part in the spell with the other friends. I also contributed by writing about of the play with the other people in my group. We practiced in lessons and during our lunch measure so that the play would be ready for its p erformance date. To help me in my work I looked for development on the internet about health spells as we wanted to use one in our performance. I also looked on the internet to find out more randomness about leukaemia and its symptoms so that we could include them in our play to make it seem more realistic.I also looked at one show up and one painting. The depression was a war picture it symbolises women in the war and that they were needed to help to gather the war. The painting was of what they look to be children who look as if they are casting a spell of some sort as the picture looks rather mystical. The most useful material I looked at was the information I found from the internet because it helped me understand the symptoms of leukaemia and to look at different kinds of health spells and for us to subscribe to which one was more relevant for our play.Our piece was mickle in modern times, however the picture was set in the time of the uphold humanness War and the pain ting was set it seems in modern times too. The picture and painting were similar to our play because the painting is of children looking as if they are casting a spell as it looks mystical and magical and they look very engrossed in what they are doing this is what we tried and true to do in our play when we cast the spell.The picture is similar to our play because it is about women pulling together to try and make a difference and in some aspects our play is about the children pulling together to help Rachael get better. The biggest differences were that the play was set in modern times and not in the Second World War and the play was about a group of friends not of women in the Second World War. The people who appear in our production are mainly children. In contrast, those in the painting and the picture are adults and children. You could tell this because the picture is of women coming together but the painting looks of children.We chose to perform in the vogue of naturalist b ecause we wanted to make out the friendship of them to be as real as affirmable to create more of an effect with the ending. We used informal language as they were children playing and doing children things. In conclusion, I would like to say that the picture and the painting have helped me by seeing how many things use the aspects of sisterhood in many different ways and it is not always obvious. I contributed a lot into this piece of work, I am pleased with the out come and how the others performed in my group.

Bibliography of Famous Authors Essay Example for Free

Bibliography of Famous Authors EssayIn this article by Robert Scholes, it talks roughly the hope and memory in My Antonia. He says the characters find themselves by looking back at the early(prenominal). He said we are reminded of this past constantly by the Bohemian customs and culinary practices of the Shimerdas by the observations of Otto Fuch on the relationship of Austrians and Bohemians I the old country and especially by the Catholic religion of the Bohemians, which is their strongest link with the past, and which serves to make them together and to separate them from the protestant society of their adopted andAntonia cherishes her connection with the past it talks about the characters and their past and how it has impacted their lives. I allow for use this to tie back into my thesis because this is basically what my whole newsprint is about. My paper based on the characters past and how it impacts them later in life. The article talks a lot of the past memories that I can use in my research paper.Lucenti, Lisa Marie. Willa Cathers My Antonia Haunting the Houses of Memory. 20th Century Literature 46 (2000) Literary Reference Center, Galileo. MPHS Library, 18 April 2011(33 a work from an online serve to which your library subscribes)This article analyzes My Antonia and its theme of memory and how it haunts some of the characters. It talks about the story of the wolves and how its haunt Peter and Pavel and how that brings gothic to the story. It also tells why Cather included some of the memories that she did in the new(a). It tells the importance of those memories to the characters.I will talk about the memories it mentions and how they are important to the story and to the characters lives. Their past is what makes them who they are and it is important to mention why they are so important to them. This article analyzes the theme and I can use some of that nurture to help oneself with my argument.Meeker, Joseph W. Willa Cather The Plow and The Pen Willa Cathers Ecological Imagination. Ed. Susan Rosowski. Volume 5. Lincoln U of Nebraska, 1986.(18 a selection from an anthropology)In this article, Meeker talks about the symbols mentioned in Cathers novels. It talks about the plow and the grace in My Antonia. It also talks about how some of the symbols represent the past. The article mentioned imagery throughout the novel and how the Nebraska plains had an impact on Jim. It also mentioned some of the imagery in O Pioneers and other(a) novels by Cather.I will use the information to help support my thesis on the symbols and theme and how it impacts the characters in the novel. In the article when it talks about the land and how it ties back to the past, I will use that to help my thesis. It has very good detail on everything represented in the novel and it will help me make my paragraphs on symbolism.Gross, Jonathan D. Recollecting Emotion in Tranquility Wordsworth and Byron in Cathers My ntonia and Lucy Gayheart Cather Studies 7 (2007) Literary Reference Center, Galileo. MPHS Library18 April 2011(33 a work from an online service to which your library subscribes)This article compares My Antonia with novels from Wordsworth and Byron. They all share similar qualities in their writings. In this article it talks about theme and symbols in My Antonia. In both My Antonia and in Lines indite a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey, they talk about the theme of nature and how it impacts the characters. This whole article compares My Antonia to other works by Cather, Wordsworth, and Byron.I will use the information about the theme of nature and symbols mentioned in the article. Theres not a whole lot I can use on My Antonia but it has good information about theme and symbols throughout out the novel. It talks about how Cather focused on landscape and sensitivity of the reader to relate the past.Hallgarth, Susan A. Archetypal Patterns in Shadows on the Rock. Colby quarterly 24 (1988) 2-4.(22 An article in a jour nal with continuous pagination throughout the one-year volume)In this article, it talks about symbols and how they represent something in the novel. It talks about how shadows are a repeated pattern in My Antonia and how Antonia breaking away from her mother is a symbol of her going through a new beginning. It compared symbols in My Antonia to some in Death Comes for the Archbishop and how they relate to one another.In the article it says Burdens stripping of pastness in the present allows him to see Antonia as all the image which do not fade and herself, a battered woman (MA, 352, 353). So I will use that in the paragraph I will have talking about how the past still reminds him of Antonia because his childhood is basically Antonia. All of his memories remind Jim of her because she is a big part in his past.

Pharmacy as a Career Essay Example for Free

Pharmacy as a Career EssayOne of the most propulsive industries in health condole with is pharmacy. I chose this career because it provides various outlets for professional growth, excellent financial gains, and the luck to take care of people all the time. As the medication expert on the health care team, my task is to manage the medication therapy of patients and clients by providing information and advice as well as improving the flavor of their lives. In addition, I picked this line of work since it is one of the most accessible health care professionals. smart challenges come each day as pharmacists assist patients with their health care needs in equipment casualty of medications. Coincidentally, I live in a city where health care demands are high and the hackneyed of living is extreme and active. In this set-up, a career in Pharmacy notchs enough resources, opportunities, and flexibility necessary to maintain balanced health care career and fulfilling personal life. The fact that you have to deal with contrastive types of people and personalities is interesting and stimulating. What is great about this profession is the lifetime learning as well taken from institutions and everyday actual experiences.Continuous education allows for professional and personal development in all aspects. A degree in Doctor of Pharmacy allows for better positions and job offerings in health care facilities in both immediate and long-term basis. It will also give me the break of exploring other fields such(prenominal) as teaching or publishing written works in educational institutions. Practice in Pharmacy can also be privatized. This further study in Pharmacy will offer me more options for other careers which are all equally motivating and inspiring.

Tour Operations Essay Example for Free

Tour Operations EssayAim and purposeThe aim of this unit is to explicate learners reason of the participating and challenging world of bend trading operations and for them to apprise the variety of cristal actors products and services. Learners forget relieve oneself knowledge of how check streetwalkers plan, sell and administer a package spend create mentally and result withal develop practical skills to plan and cost a package relapse.Unit introductionEvery course of instruction millions of tidy sum turn to bit operators to provide them with spends to all corners of the world. In this unit learners will explore how tour operators link with disparate types of travel and tourism organisations to provide a wide cultivate of holiday experiences. They will see that tour operators must move to legislation and external influences, and also face many challenges in the constantly changing travel and tourism sector. Learners will investigate these challenges a nd the ways in which tour operators respond to them. Tour operators ar at the forefront of the travel and tourism sector, constantly seeking out modernistic destinations and holiday experiences to satisfy the ever-demanding and ever-changing exigencys of todays holidaymakers.Different types of tour operators will be identified and learners will examine how they develop an extensive portfolio of products and services to meet differing customer needs. Whatever their size, tour operators must work through the alike processes when planning, developing, selling and operating their holiday programmes. These varied functions will be examined and time scales identified. Learners will find that tour operators compete in a commercially sensitive environs and they will put how commercial considerations inform many of the business practices. Practical skills will be actual in the planning and costing of a tour operators package holiday, allowing learners to appreciate close to ofthe com mercial decisions to be made in this competitive industry.Learning outcomesOn completion of this unit a learner should empathise the tour operations environment Know the range of products and services offered by tour operators for different target markets Know how tour operators plan, sell, administer and operate a package holiday programme Be able to plan and cost a package holiday.Unit content1 Understand the tour operations environmentLinks with other component industries travel agents transport providers ad only whenment providers providers of auxiliary products and services eg insurance, car hire horizontal and vertical integration Links with trade and regulatory bodies The endure Association (ABTA) Federation of Tour Operators (FTO) Association of Independent Tour Operators (AITO) UKInbound Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) good framework EU Package Travel Regulations consumer protection eg Trades Description title, Consumer Protection Act, Disability Discrimination Act cont ract law licensing eg Air Transport Operators Licence (ATOL) External influences environmental eg hurricanes, floods political eg terrorism, strikes. taxes economic eg cash fluctuations, price of oil social eg UK demographics, exploitation in host country technological eg internet, computerised reservation systems Challenges eg dynamic packaging, distribution channels, integration, budget airlines, maintaining market sh ar, trend towards independent travel, responsible tourism2 Know the range of products and services offered by tour operators for different target markets Tour operator categories outbound inbound home(prenominal) specialist mass market Products and services components of standard package tailor made range of destinations accommodation choices transport options adjunct products and services Target market eg families, couples, solo travellers, specific age groups, special interests, people with specific needs3 Know how tour operators plan, sell, administer and opera te a package holiday programme Planning look into forecasting product development methods of contracting costing the package entropy input timescales Sell brochure production pricing strategies distribution eg travel agents, internet, direct sell promotions eg advertising, gross sales promotions, sponsorship reservations commission late sales Administer confirmations rooming lists passenger manifests errata cancellations amendments travel itineraries ticketing Operations consolidations load factors over-bookings transport operations duty office UK and overseas resort liaison health and safety emergency situations crisis management superior control customer service (pre-, during and post-holiday) excursion sales Commercial considerations maximising profitability links to different planning, selling, administrative and operational functions4 Be able to plan and cost a package holidayPlan destination transport accommodation excursions (included, optional) activities additional ser vices Cost a package holiday using load factors mark-up or profit margin currency conversions fixed be variable costAssessment and grading criteriaIn govern to pass this unit, the secernate that the learner presents for assessment needs to examine that they can meet all the learning outcomes for the unit. The assessment criteria for a pass grade get word the train of achievement required to pass this unit. Assessment and grading criteria To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to To achieve a merit grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass criteria, the learner is able to M1 discuss the affect of challenges facing tour operatorsTo achieve a distinction grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass and merit criteria, the learner is able to D1 evaluate the effectiveness of tour operators in responding to challenges facing the sector recommend, with justification, how a selected tour operator could expand its range o f products and services for its current target market or adjust its range of products and services to appeal to a new market.P1 exempt the tour operations environment and the challenges it facesP2describe the products and M2 analyse how a selected services provided by different tour operators portfolio categories of tour operator of products and services for different target markets meets the needs of its target market(s)D2P3outline how tour operators plan, sell, administer and operate a packageholiday programme, identifying commercial considerations plan and cost a package holiday for inclusion in a tour operators programme CT 1, CT 2, CT 3, CT 4, CT 5, CT 6.M3 explain ways of maximising profitability during the different stages of planning, selling, administering and operating a package holiday.P4PLTS This summary references where applicable, in the squ ar brackets, the elements of the personal, learning and thinking skills applicable in the pass criteria. It identifies opportuni ties for learners to demonstrate effective application of the write elements of the skills.KeyIE independent enquirers CT creative thinkersRL reflective learners TW team workersSM self-managers EP effective participators inhering guidance for tutorsDeliveryIt is potential that learners will gain already identified the role of tour operators when examining the social organisation of the UK travel and tourism sector in Unit 1 Investigating the Travel and Tourism Sector. A simple recap would be useful and this could be achieved by asking learners to produce their own comment of tour operators and a summary of their role inside the sector, perhaps producing a diagram that highlights their position within thestructure. Holiday brochures will help learners to identify how tour operators link with other component industries when providing and selling holiday packages. Links with trade and regulatory bodies and the legal framework could be researched in small groups, culminating i n short, lax presentations. Vertical and horizontal integration can be a difficult concept for some learners and they will benefit from being given simple definitions, followed by practical tasks using the internet and holiday brochures to research one of the large integrated organisations.Findings could be presented in the form of a diagram and could then be compared with one of the integration charts that are produced from time to time by the trade press. Tutors will need to explain how the travel and tourism sector is constantly changing (which is why textbook models of integration are likely to be out of date). Learners will need to read the trade press regularly in order to keep abreast of changes of ownership and takeovers. Tutors could initiate a debate or discussion on the impact of integration to determine whether integration is a good or bad force within the sector, and about(predicate) the challenges integration creates. Research activities could be developed to examine external influences including environmental, political, economic, social and technological influences. Hurricanes, the credit crunch, unemployment and terrorist activities are just a few occurrences that can present significant challenges for tour operators.A notice posting could be created in the classroom to display any topical events or issues. Learners need to appreciate that there are hundreds of different tour operators, falling broadly into the categories of outbound, inbound, domestic, mass market and specialist. Learners, in pairs or small groups, could research to identify tour operators within each of the categories, and the range of products and services they offer. The internet is an excellent source of information, as are holiday brochures however, tutors should discourage indiscriminate collection of holiday brochures. Learners will find that most tour operators have products and services that target different market segments and this will be reflected in some of the accommodation, travel, destination and ancillary services choices provided. Learners need to understand that all tour operators, whether large or small, carry out the same functions when planning, selling, administering and operating the holiday package.Larger tour operators mayhave separate departments to carry out a particular function whereas a very small tour operator might have just one person responsible for a range of functions. A practical task could involve learners organising a college trip and relating the activities they carry out to the functions of tour operating. A visit to a large- or mediumsized tour operator would be very beneficial so that learners can see how tour operators work and how the different functions are carried out. Additional tutor input on planning, selling, administration and operations will be required.Activities using example studies can reinforce understanding of aspects such as different methods of contracting, currency considerations and pric ing strategies. It is essential that learners develop a sound understanding of all functional areas. Discussions are to be encouraged to help learners appreciate commercial considerations, the difficulties tour operators have in making a profit and to identify ways in which profit can be maximised within the planning, selling, administrative and operational functions.In preparation for assessment, learners will need to practise designing and planning a package. Working in groups to a specific brief, they could practise by planning a college trip. As part of the planning, they would need to consider transport options, type of accommodation and board basis, excursions and activities. Each group could present their proposals to the class and vote on the most interesting proposals. Tutors should explain the price load factor, mark up, profit margin, fixed costs and variable costs and then work through simple costing exercises to show how these terms are used. When learners have tacit t he process for costing a package, exercises should be designed to put this into practice. Tutors may need to devise additional exercises before learners become confident in working with these calculations.

Gender and Communication Essay Example for Free

Gender and Communication EssayWhen we trust of gender, we often think of antheral or young-bearing(prenominal) thats only half of understanding gender. The de nonations of male and female actually refer to biological and physiological end up. Gender is a sociological construct of values, ideals, and behaviors around what it representation to be any male or female, and atomic number 18 often regarded in terms of masculine or feminine, respectively. Many people use sex and gender interchangeably, but ane does not have to be male to identify as masculine, and vice versa. we have both a biological, physical characteristicsex with a superimposed cultural construct gender.The same applies to both race and culture, respectively. Race refers to groups of people who are distinguished by shared physical characteristics, such as skin color and hair type. gardening refers to the customs, habits, and value systems of groups of people. People of the same race may not share the same culture similarly, a culture isnt necessarily comprised of people of the same race. Wowork force and hands communicate most effectively when they understand the camouflaged molds unique to each gender. Research presented by Dr.Pat Heim in her video, The Invisible Rules Men, Women and Teams, indicates that each gender is a culture in itself, raised with invisible rules of conduct instinctively known to all adult members of that gender. on that pointfore, men and women behave according to two separate sets of rules about what decently is. I. Consequently, behavior that seems natural and appropriate to one(a) gender culture can seem baffling, hurtful or wrong to others. When we work with someone of the opposer gender and he or she does something that seems a bit strange, we often live intolerant and defensive.We do not realize that men and women come from contrasting cultures, even if they are raised in the same homes, ameliorate in the same schools and live in the same count ry. II. The two gender cultures are different in many ways. Understanding the invisible rules unique to each gender can help us become better aggroup members and leaders. It is important to remember that these are generalizations on gender behavior based on the 80% portion of the bell curve. There are always exceptions to the rule. Examples given are based on what research tells us.A. In every culture of the world, children are taught to be appropriate adults through the games they scarper. When boys are development up, they carry baseball, basketball, football, cops and robbers, cowboys and Indians and war, all of which are hierarchical team sports. They learn how to compete, be aggressive, play to win, strategize, tamp down risks and hide emotions. Playing their assigned usage in the hierarchy, boys learn to obey their coach unquestioningly, become leaders and play with people they do not like.In essence, boys learn how to garner source, manage conflict and win or lose with out becoming emotionally involved with their competitors. B. More than likely, the girls we grew up with were not playing team sports. Girls play with people they like (usually one-on-one) and learn their cultural lessons from doll games in which there are no winners or losers. Girl play reinforces getting along and being nice, protecting friendships by negotiating differences, seeking win-win situations and focusing on what is fair for all instead of winners and losers. C. girls (unlike boys) have flat versus hierarchical relationships.A very important rule in womens culture is that the power in interpersonal relationships is always kept dead even. There is never a boss doll player. Girls who try to be the boss quickly learn that this damage friendships. Consequently, when adult women enter a hierarchical workplace, they often attempt to equalize power, negotiate relationships and share power equally. III. Does this mean that since the Coast Guard is a hierarchical organizatio n, women cannot succeed? Of course not. Does it mean that the hierarchical leading course is always the appropriate choice?A have, absolutely not. The command and control leadership style associated with a hierarchy works most effectively in time-bound situations, when there is no alternative or in emergencies. For example, on scene at an urgent search-and-rescue case, the command and control style works best. Time is limited, one person call for to be in control of the situation and everyone needs to fulfill their specific roles. A. However, take the same SAR case and look at what is going on in the Operations Center. There, the supervisor needs the expertise and ideas of everyone on watch to make the best decision.Each person might provide spare ideas as to how the case could best be handled. In a flat structure then, the leadership style is based on involvement. B. This style works most effectively when you need creativity and psychological grease ones palms in and you need them to make it work. Cl earliest, the Coast Guard has many different situations that require different leadership styles. Using the same style in every situation is a quick recipe for ineffectiveness. By understanding the different styles, we can more successfully choose the appropriate one for the situation. IV.Sometimes the object for women to associate with one style and men to associate with the other leads to misunderstandings. For example, on a large cutter, a male chief was supervising a female second class petty officer. He order her to perform a certain task. After listening to the tasking, the petty officer recommended an alternate method that she had wise to(p) at another unit and proved to be very successful. A. The chief assumed that she was being insubordinate. In his view, being a team player meant knowing your role in the hierarchy and playing your role without question.The chiefs anger and unwillingness to listen to her ideas made the petty officer feel unwelco me on the team. For her, being a team player meant helping the group by recommending ideas that might benefit the team. B. The two different structures (hierarchical versus flat) have different definitions of what makes a good team player. Both members were working within the invisible rules that had been programmed into them from an early age. Neither felt good about the interaction, and their trust in each other was seriously damaged.Had either of them been aware of the differing styles, this unpleasant situation could have been avoided. conclusion As you can see, the unique socializing experiences of men and women as they grow up create separate rules and realities for each gender. It is not a matter of who is right or wrong. One challenge that women face today is that most organizations are run by the rules of team sports. This fact does not absolve women from learning the hierarchical, goal-focused rules of most men, nor does it absolve men from the need to learn about the str engths of the flat, process-oriented focus most women bring to the workplace.The Coast Guard needs both styles to be successful. It is important to provoke the best possible communication between men and women in the workplace. As we move between the male and female cultures, we sometimes have to change how we behave speak the language of the other gender to gain the best results from the situation. Clearly, successful organizations of the future are going to have leaders and team members who understand, respect and gift the rules of gender culture appropriately.

The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry Essay Example for Free

The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry EssayFor this assignment I bedevil selected one-third meters to analyze the relationship between vocabulary and content in poetry. I motivation toattempt toanalyze the writting styles of three actors, whose work can be found from the book, The Art of Work. The three songs that I have selected argon Share Croppers written by Langston Hughes, Factory Worker, written by Jim Daniels, and The Rope, written by Patricia Dobler. These are three rimes that caught my eye and I became actu everyy interested in. The first poem I sound out for this assignment was Share-Croppers.This paticular poem seemed to have been written from the viewpoint of a slave who is captioning the hard work that had to be done as a sharecropper. Although this was a very short poem the expression by this author said a lot to capture any readers attention. For example the author gives you a picture as to how the sharecropper was odd hungry and ragge d after(prenominal)r plowing away in fields. By reading this poem you are equal to(p) to identify that Langston Hughes was very concerned active African American life through the use of reliable dialect and terms.As you continue to read this poem over and over you are able to get a large with to a conclusion that the era in which this poem was written goes back to a time after emancipation, when many blacks were forced to work as share croppers not being paid a dime,and where beneath the authority of white farm tenants. In this poem one starts to get a feelof what it was like to be a black share cropper unable to show any remores be set out this was a daily bite that took a toll over ever sharecropperss daily life.My next poem Factory Jungle seems to have been written from the viewpoint of a factory worker who is trying to enlighten the fact of being a determined ambitious worker, but also as one who is ready to end a long day at work. Just like many other authors. The author Jim Daniels has written a poem that uses many metaphors to paint a picture of a factory that gives off the idea of being a jungle. For example the author say, Id like to climb one of those ropes of light swing around the presses, welders etc.The language utilise by this author shows us a picture of a factory swinging freely amongst his work not having a care what so ever. These paticular terms of language enables us to get a physical picture of exactly what the factory worker is doing in the factory to change it into a jungle. Everyone control that there is no way you are able to climb rope of light or horizontal fly out of factory gates. This only catches the readers attention just the poem sharecroppers did.Keeping the same(p) theme and indentifying the factroy as being a jungle, the author also uses a made elephant to represent the largest presses in the go under and allows us to paint some other picture showing us the harm that this big machine could cause if fallen on yo ur hand. In this part of the poem we find that the mad elephant allows us to think about how heavy and dangerous things could be when working around heavy machinery in this paticular factory. The author is being very creative throughout this poem, careful not to bore the reader.Jim Daniels used the correlation of swinging through the plant, indeed rippping off his coveralls, safety glasses, and ear plugs then pounding his chest and yelling like Tarzan. This again gives us that feeling showing us that this factory worker is feeling very free. Yet and still another picture has beenpainted for us. In my final poem that I have selected, I became silightly thrown off as to what this poem was trying to generate to the reader. Unlike the other two poems I used, this poem hardly used any language and dialect to allow the readers attention to be caught at once.As I read over this poem I figured that the viewpoint of this poem had to be written by a man who was dwelling on things that he cou ld not make of life for him or a love one and those things were haunting him. I came to this conclusion because the author says, Their vocies still wake me as I woke for eld with a rise and fall. The author is not specific as to what she wants or doesnt want us to know. This poem does not paint a picture for me letting me feel and realize what exactly is going on.So by reading these three amazing poem we find many authors use some of the same styles, literary techniques and genres to help relate to readers. While other authors may leave you slightly wondering, and can ofttimes open your mind to wonder which can be a very positive matter. I in person relate better to readings that paint a picture allowing me to be side by side to what the author has written. Also while reading Ive found that not all poetic techniques were used but all three authors used something to help you understand the readings.

Marriage at an Early Age Essay Example for Free

Marri grow at an archaeozoic era Essay trade union is regarded as a moment of celebration and a milestone in s fountainheadheaded life. The age at first espousal varies across the globe. Being hook up with before the age of 18 has been a social norm in 3rd world countries refer to Appendix A. The percentage of women cosmos married before age 18 is estimated to be 20 to 50 percent in average in developing countries (Joyce, et al. , 2001). On the other hand, western countries atomic number 18 unlikely to experience the similar pattern of hymeneals.The marital union is normally delayed too long although this is the most apparent reason for the breakdown in finishual ethics (Orsi, 2001). Because of its wealth, western caller chooses to bond subsequent in life until they have create an adequate due date in age, program line and financial state. Nowadays, many international organizations have made an hunting expedition to reduce the number of first on espousals wo rldwide (Yudkin and Robert, 1996). Many imagine that the practice of earlier mating burn down hinder self- discipline of immature girls.However, in western countries, there are several efforts to promote unfledged wedlocks (Orsi, 2001). They believe that wee marriage should be looked as a platform to cultivate maturity unitedly but non as an excogitation just for the grown-up individualists. As we are concern, earliest marriage is wide practice in developing countries hence a global issue has arisen as to whether proto(prenominal) marriage does really hinder self development due to the consequences it brings to schoolgirlish girls. The practice is believed to bring several benefits to or so extent.However, the adverse effects it brings can impede the self-development of young adolescences in many sides including health consequences, character grammatical construction and education as well as life opportunities. 2. 0Statistical Studies of Early Marriage This pict ure highlights the prevalence of untimely marriage across the globe and the very reasons of proterozoic marriage especially in developing countries. This aspect is important to illustrate the situation regarding primaeval marriage worldwide. 2. 1Prevalence of Young Marriage The practice of young marriage is most common in developing countries (United Nation Childrens Fund (UNICEF), 2001).According to Joyce (2001), an analysis of demographic and Healthy Survey data shows that Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asian countries are having the most cases of early marriage. Of these countries that have high cases of young marriage, Niger is the leading country with 88 percent of the women married before age 18. Adapted From Joyce, L. F. , et al. (2001). Future Options Foreclosed Girls Who Marry Early. Reproductive Health and Rights. 139-143. Retrieved January 25, 2006, from the World Wide Web http//www. path. org/files/RHR-Article-14. pdf. 2. 2Major Factors That Lead to E arly MarriageThe huge number of young marriage in developing countries is due to several reasons. pauperisation is one of the major factors underpinning early marriage (Joyce, 2001). A young girl may be regarded as an economical burden for a family thus early marriage is looked as a strategy for economic survival. A current case of five very poor villages in Egypt shows that young girls are being married off to much older men from oil-rich Middle Eastern countries for family survival (UNICEF, 2001). Besides, early marriage is one way to ensure that a girl is protected from physical disturbance (UNICEF, 2001).Parents believe that their daughters are safer when they marry early as there is always a man to guard them. For instance, whatsoever families in Northern Uganda encourage the young girls to marry to militia members in order to secure protection (UNICEF, 2001). For third world countries, marriage shortly after puberty is common among those living traditional lifestyles (Joyc e, 2001). The girls as early as 14 years old have to carry responsibilities as a married woman. As it has cause a social custom, the tradition is carried on from one generation to the next. 3. 0Opponents Views Against Early MarriageThis aspect discusses some of the opponents views against early marriage. It mostly talks about the disadvantages of early marriage to the girls including the lack of education, health problems and psychosocial disadvantages. The arguments given scoff that early marriage does hamper self-development. 3. 1 The Denial of Education The opponents believed that early marriage denies the right of young adolescents to the education they necessitate for self-development. In traditional societies, the investment in a girls education is thought to be wasted as the girl is going to marry and stay at main office doing household chores (UNICEF, 2001).For instance, in Northern Nigeria, early marriage is the very reason girls are often withdrawing from trail (UNICEF , 2001). Because of the early end of female education, they have limited opportunities to develop skills and acquire knowledge that serve them well throughout their lives hence restricts their economic and career opportunities (Joyce, 2001). This is because withdrawal from school that results in illiterate and unskilled women exit lead to no recognition in professional field. 3. 2 Health and Reproduction ProblemThe opponents also argued that early childbearing which always occurs in early marriage endanger the lives of twain the mother and her baby (Joyce, 2001). The early pregnancy increases the risk of complications and dying during delivery. A report shows that the risk of death due to pregnancy-related cases is double among women aged 15 to 19 compared to adult women (Adhikari, 2006). They get on stressed that these girls are also more nonresistant to sexually-transmitted diseases (UNICEF, 2001). Hormonal fluctuations and permeability of vaginal tissues experienced by thes e girls can lead to infertility.Moreover, according to a study in Rwanda, 25 percent of women who were pregnant before 18 were infected with human immunodeficiency virus although they only had sex with their husbands (UNICEF, 2001). 3. 3Psychosocial Disadvantages When early marriage takes place, the girls will confront with great emotional damage. Sociologists suggested that this is due to their confinement at mansion to do household chores hence their mobility is denied (UNICEF, 2001). Most of the girls are depressed with this situation that eventually affects their emotional well being.An Indian research conducted in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh found that the spouses of early marriage usually suffered from great psychosocial damage (UNICEF, 2001). another(prenominal) concern raised by the opponents is that the young girl loses her social life outdoor(a) family rack and this has bear upon her chance of cultivating her own indistinguishability (UNICEF, 2001). The most important implication of this is that her self-esteem is silently hindered from being demonstrable and this will make her vulnerable to sexual and physical violence.In Eastern Africa for instance, a young wife has no right to refuse sex to her husband even though her partner is suspected with human immunodeficiency virus (UNICEF, 2001). 4. 0 Proponents Views on Early Marriage This part will enlighten several views that support early marriage in our society. This includes health benefits, social stability and character advantages. In this argument, early marriage is looked upon as a better practice than delayed marriage. 4. 1 Health Benefits The proponents believed that personate functions are more strong and sanguine at early stage in life.For women, the body is particularly geared towards reproduction during early adulthood (Orsi, 2001). Early marriage is beneficial because desire and energy from young couples also produce healthy offsprings. They also highlighted that later marriage ha s led to problematic births and birth defects. This can happen as the body is unlikely to negotiate any burden like pregnancy at a late age. not surprisingly, later marriage which is always associated with cohabitation and premarital sex increase the risk of sexually-transmitted diseases (Orsi, 2001).The hazardous infections like HIV will spread widely if the practice of premarital sex has became a lifestyle. 4. 2 Early Marriage as a Solution to Cohabitation Another issue raised by the proponents is that the trend towards later marriage has led to a great social deterioration in the society in term of cohabitation. In the United States of America, cohabitation is more prevalent than other countries as the people choose to marry later in life (Henslin, 2005). A study found that cohabitation before marriage is the very reason for breaking up after they were married (Henslin, 2005).Besides that, the change magnitude case of cohabitation in the United States of America is all the way illustrated by the graph on the next page. Adapted From Henslin, J. M. (2005). Cohabitation. Sociology- A Down to Earth Approach (2nd Ed. ). 468. Boston Pearson, Allyn Bacon. They further argued that married couples including young spouses gain more benefits in terms of physical health, general happiness and higher rank than cohabitants.This is proven from a study which was cited as strong evidence that cohabiting couples experienced the rate of depression troika times more than married couple (Popenoe and Dafoe, 2006). . 3 Self-development Improvement It is also believed that early marriage helps in cultivating maturity. Early marriage is looked upon as a platform for young people to grow in maturity together. Moreover, they share experiences at an early age before egoism is deposited in their heart. This is important to ensure a successful marriage is established (Orsi, 2001). They further emphasized that early marriage is a natural institution to grow emotionally by everyday g ive and take at an early age. This foundation is firmly to build later in life.Also, through The London Telegraph, Emma Besbrode has reported that individuals that are unmarried by early age are more vulnerable to depression and loneliness (Orsi, 2001). This unbalance in emotional development will lead to a stressful life. 5. 0 How Does Early Marriage Hamper Self-development? In this area, both arguments from proponents and opponents are being evaluated in terms of health, character building and education. This is important to determine whether the practice of early marriage does impede self-development. 5. 1 Health AspectHealth is a very important aspect in self-development of an individual. Early marriage greatly affect the health of young adolescents especially girls. Although women who marry later in life are also vulnerable to problematic birth, (Orsi, 2001) the girls who are particularly still exploitation up have to struggle with the risks associated with early pregnancies (UNICEF, 2001). This is because the physical features of the girls are not fully developed and so both the girls and their babies have to compete to obtain the necessary nutrients for themselves.This means that early marriage endangers both mother and her baby. Besides those, sexual intercourse that takes place at a very young age can enhance the risk of sexually-transmitted diseases (STD) (UNICEF, 2001). It is also true that STD can also infect unmarried people as well especially among cohabitants, but a recent study conducted in Rwanda shows that the younger the age at sexual intercourse, the higher the risk of STD (UNICEF, 2001). This proves that early marriage set off a poor cycle of health. 5. 2 Character Building AspectEach and every individual has his/her own character. The practice of early marriage limits character development as a girl who marries early experiences less socialization outside her family cycle (UNICEF, 2001). This reduces her opportunities for building her own identity which is vital for her successful self-development. On the other hand, some individuals believe that early marriage is a stage for maturity to be acquired and it is not just for matured individuals (Orsi, 2001). However, it is not the case as these girls are affected by great emotional disturbance and depression.Inter-American researchers have ascertained that these emotional consequences are unavoidable part of life for those who choose to marry early (UNICEF, 2001). Therefore, it is clearly shown that early marriage does hinder personal development. 5. 3 Education and Intellect The importance of well-developed education is vital for an individual to survive. Since early marriage is the major reason for young adolescents to quit from school (Adhikari, 2006), it can restrict career prospects of a girl by limiting her chances to acquire important skills and knowledge.Without those qualities, the girls future seems to prevent to any opportunities for economic survival. I n fact, unemployment rates are higher for those who have limited education (Baker and Dryden, 1993). This is clearly illustrated from the table below. Unemployment Rate by Educational Attainment for 15 to 24 year-olds, Canada, 1991 Educational AttainmentUnemployment Rate 0 to 8 years29. 5 Some secondary education20. 7 High school graduation15. 7 Some post-secondary12. 6 Post-secondary certificate11. 7 University degree 8. 1 Total16. 2 Source Baker, M. and Dryden, J. (1993).Patterns in Employment and Unemployment or Young People. Families in Canadian Society (2nd Ed. ). 93-94. Canada McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. For those reasons, early marriage is proven to bring more harm than benefits. This practice wherefore hampers ones personal development. 6. 0 Conclusion The practice of early marriage in our society today does hinder personal development of individuals in terms of health, character building and intellectual qualities. First, a girl is more vulnerable to diseases and complica tions when sex intercourse takes place between the spouses occur at an early age.Early pregnancies followed by childbearing can also bring harm to the girl by increasing the risks of dying and problems during delivery. Apart from this, character building which is important to determine ones unique identity will be affected as well when a girl enters marriage at a young age. The loss of mobility and social life due to the early marriage will result in lack of self esteem and great emotional damage. In addition, limited education is obvious among those who marry early.In the long run, this lack of schooling will restrict economic and career prospect in the future because withdrawal from school means no qualifications and recognition. This will foreclose the future options of ones self. Therefore, the practice of early marriage is proven to hinder personal development and should be reduced among young adolescents especially in developing countries with high incidence of young marriage. Effective steps should be penalize by international organization to reduce the number of this practice worldwide. For instance, each country should rise up the legal age for marriage.Besides that, education should be promoted among young couples so that they acquire adequate take of education for their future. Although it is difficult to reduce the number, by helping the young spouses with their life, it more or less, reduces the burden they carry.